Food

Food is one of the best ways to understand a country. Every nation has dishes that reflect its history, climate, culture, and traditions. This page brings together the best-known national dishes from around the world, making it easy to discover what people truly eat across the globe.

National dish

Afghanistan is Kabuli Palaw

Albania is Tavë Kosi

Algeria is Couscous

Andorra is Escudella i Carn d’Olla

Angola is Muamba de Galinha

Antigua and Barbuda is Fungee and Pepperpot

Argentina is Asado

Armenia is Harissa

Australia is Australian Meat Pie

Austria is Wiener Schnitzel

Azerbaijan is Azerbaijani Plov

Bahamas is Conch Salad.

Bahrain is Machboos

Bangladesh is Hilsa Fish Curry with Rice

Barbados is Cou-Cou

Belarus is Draniki

Belgium is Moules-Frites

Belize is Rice and Beans with Stewed Chicken

Benin is Kuli-Kuli with Pâte

Bhutan is Ema Datshi

Bolivia is Salteñas

Bosnia and Herzegovina is Ćevapi

Botswana is Seswaa

Brazil is Feijoada

Brunei is Ambuyat

Bulgaria is Banitsa

Burkina Faso is

Burundi is Ugali

Cabo Verde is Cachupa

Cambodia is Amok

Cameroon is Ndolé

Canada is Poutine

Central African Republic is Kanda ti nyma

Chad is Daraba

Chile is Pastel de Choclo

China is Peking Duck

Colombia is Bandeja Paisa

Comoros is Langouste à la Vanille

Republic of the Congo is Poulet à la Moambé — chicken in a palm nut or peanut sauce, shared with the DRC, Gabon, and Angola (Saka Saka, pounded cassava leaves, is a strong everyday rival)

Costa Rica is Gallo Pinto

Croatia is Peka

Cuba is Ropa Vieja 

Cyprus is Souvla

Czech Republic is Vepřo-Knedlo-Zelo

Democratic Republic of the Congo is Moambe Chicken — the same palm-nut chicken stew claimed by its neighbor across the river, a shared culinary heritage from the Kongo Kingdom e

Denmark is Stegt flæsk 

Djibouti  is Skoudehkaris

Dominica is Callaloo (officially designated in 2013, replacing mountain chicken)

Dominican Republic is La Bandera Dominicana — rice, beans, and stewed meat styled after the flag’s colors

East Timor is Ikan Pepes — fish marinated and grilled in banana leaves

Ecuador is Encebollado — a tuna and yuca fish stew (contested; ceviche and bolón de verde are also commonly claimed)

Egypt is Koshari — lentils, rice, pasta, and chickpeas under a spiced tomato sauce

El Salvador is Pupusa — officially declared in 2005

Equatorial Guinea is Succotash — beans, corn, and tomatoes, said to have been brought back by descendants of freed slaves (Wikipedia instead names pepesup, a spicy fish soup, as the country’s signature dish — worth a note on contested status)

Eritrea is Zigni — a berbere-spiced meat stew eaten with injera 

Estonia is Verivorst  

Eswatini is Sishwala — a thick maize porridge

Ethiopia is injera

Fiji is Kokoda — raw fish marinated in citrus and coconut milk

Finland is Karjalanpiirakka (Karelian pasty) — a thin rye pastry with rice filling

France is Pot-au-feu — beef and vegetables slow-boiled in one pot, a term National Geographic has used for it

Gabon is Poulet Nyembwe — smoked chicken in palm nut sauce

Gambia is Domoda — a peanut stew from the Mandinka tribe (Benachin, the Gambian jollof rice, is a close second)

Georgia is Khachapuri — cheese-filled bread with dozens of regional versions

Germany is Sauerbraten — a vinegar-marinated pot roast

Ghana is Jollof Rice (contested — Fufu is just as often named; no official designation)

Greece is Moussaka — layered eggplant, spiced meat, and béchamel

Grenada is Oil Down — breadfruit and salted meat stewed down in coconut milk

Guatemala is Pepián — a Mayan-rooted stew thickened with toasted pumpkin and sesame seeds

Guinea is Poulet Yassa — lemon and onion-marinated chicken (borrowed from Senegal, but widely claimed as Guinea’s own)

Guinea-Bissau is Caldo de Mancarra — a peanut stew (sources also cite Caldo Branco, a fish stew; no clear consensus)

Guyana is Pepperpot — a cassareep-based meat stew, traditionally eaten at Christmas

Haiti is Griot (fried pork) 

Honduras is Plato Típico — grilled meat, beans, rice, and fried plantains (the baleada is a beloved unofficial rival)

Hungary is Goulash — a paprika-spiced beef stew that traces back to medieval Magyar herdsmen

Iceland is Þorramatur — a midwinter feast of preserved foods including fermented shark, smoked lamb, and sheep’s head (plokkfiskur, a creamy fish stew, is the more everyday favorite)

India is Khichdi — a rice and lentil porridge (no official designation; biryani and butter chicken are just as beloved)

Indonesia is Nasi Goreng — officially one of five national dishes named by the government in 2018, alongside rendang, soto, sate, and gado-gado

Iran is Chelow Kabab

Iraq is Masgouf — carp, split and grilled over an open flame on the banks of the Tigris

Ireland is Irish Stew — lamb or mutton slow-cooked with potatoes and onions

Israel is Falafel — fried chickpea fritters (worth flagging that the dish’s origins are contested across the region, with Lebanese, Palestinian, and Egyptian cooks all claiming it)

Italy is Ragù alla Bolognese — officially named by the Accademia Italiana della Cucina, though pizza and pasta broadly remain what the world associates with Italian food

Ivory Coast is Attiéké — fermented, steamed cassava granules, given UNESCO cultural heritage status in 2024

Jamaica is Ackee and Saltfish — sautéed ackee fruit with salted cod

Japan is Sushi — no official designation, though curry rice is the more everyday, home-cooked contender

Jordan is Mansaf — lamb in a fermented dried-yogurt sauce over rice, UNESCO-recognized in 2022 

Kazakhstan is Beshbarmak — boiled meat over flat noodles, eaten by hand (also claimed by Kyrgyzstan)

Kenya is Ugali Nyama Choma na Kachumbari — maize meal, grilled meat, and tomato-onion salsa

Kiribati is Palusami 

Kuwait is Machboos — spiced rice and meat, shared with Bahrain and Qatar under the same Gulf tradition

Kyrgyzstan is Beshbarmak — the same dish claimed by neighboring Kazakhstan, a shared symbol of Central Asian nomadic heritage

Laos is Larb (also spelled Laab/Laap) — a minced meat salad meaning “luck,” currently up for UNESCO heritage status

Latvia is Grey Peas with Bacon (Pelēkie zirņi ar speķi) — a Christmas Eve staple

Lebanon is Kibbeh 

Lesotho is Papa with Moroho — maize porridge with sautéed leafy greens, often served with meat 

Liberia is Dumboy — pounded cassava fufu eaten with pepper soup or peanut butter soup (cassava leaf stew is an equally beloved rival) 

Libya is Couscous — part of UNESCO’s 2020 Maghreb couscous listing (Bazin, a firm barley dough, is a strong Libya-specific contender)

Liechtenstein is Käsknöpfle — cheese spätzle with caramelized onions, served with applesauce

Lithuania is Cepelinai — potato dumplings named after the zeppelin airship

Luxembourg is Judd mat Gaardebounen — smoked pork collar with broad beans

Madagascar is Romazava — a zebu meat and leafy greens stew, eaten almost daily

Malawi is Nsima — maize porridge, often paired with chambo fish

Malaysia is Nasi Lemak — coconut rice with sambal, anchovies, peanuts, and egg

Maldives is Garudhiya — a clear tuna fish broth

Mali is Tiguadege Na — a peanut butter meat stew

Malta is Stuffat tal-Fenek (Fenkata) — rabbit stew tied to a communal feast tradition

Marshall Islands is Chukuchuk — coconut-rolled rice balls (contested; Barramundi Cod and Macadamia Nut Pie are also cited by different sources)

Mauritania is Thieboudienne — fish and rice in tomato sauce

Mauritius is Dholl Puri — split-pea-stuffed flatbread street food

Mexico is Mole (specifically Mole Poblano) — though tacos and tamales are frequently argued alternatives

Micronesia is Pihlohlo Mwehng — taro root coated in coconut sap syrup, from the island of Mwoakilloa

Moldova is Mămăligă — cornmeal porridge, shared with Romania

Monaco is Barbagiuan — fried pastries stuffed with Swiss chard and ricotta, eaten especially on National Day

Mongolia is Buuz — steamed meat dumplings eaten at Tsagaan Sar (Khorkhog, a stone-cooked mutton stew, is the ceremonial alternative)

Montenegro is Cicvara — cornmeal and cheese porridge (Kačamak, a potato version, is a close rival)

Morocco is Couscous — traditionally Friday’s family meal, alongside its equally iconic counterpart, tagine

Mozambique is split between Piri Piri Chicken and Matapa (cassava leaf stew), with sources disagreeing on which holds the title

Myanmar is Mohinga — fish and rice noodle soup, traditionally eaten for breakfast

Namibia has no single official dish — Potjiekos (communal open-fire stew) and Oshifima (maize/millet porridge) are the two most commonly put forward

Nauru is Coconut Fish — raw tuna cured in lime and coconut milk

Nepal is Dal Bhat — lentil soup and rice, eaten once or twice daily across the country

Netherlands is Stamppot — mashed potatoes with vegetables like kale or sauerkraut, topped with smoked sausage

New Zealand is Hāngī — no official designation, but the closest cultural equivalent, using the Māori earth-oven cooking method

Nicaragua is Gallo Pinto — rice and beans, also claimed by Costa Rica (the “Gallo Pinto War”)

Niger is Djerma Stew — chicken in a tomato and peanut butter sauce, named for the Djerma people

Nigeria is Jollof Rice — one-pot spiced tomato rice (Egusi Soup is a strong rival, per a CNN reader poll)

North Korea is Pyongyang Naengmyeon — cold buckwheat noodles in a chilled broth

North Macedonia is Tavče Gravče — baked beans in an earthenware pot, traditionally eaten on Fridays

Norway is Fårikål — lamb and cabbage stew, voted the national dish and celebrated with its own feast day

Oman is Shuwa — spiced meat slow-cooked in an underground pit, reserved for Eid and weddings

Pakistan is genuinely split between Nihari (slow-cooked beef stew, often called “the king of Pakistani cuisine”) and Biryani (the more universally beloved everyday favorite)

Palau is Demok — taro leaf and coconut milk soup, sometimes with land crab, called the national soup

Palestine is Musakhan — sumac chicken and caramelized onions over taboon bread, tied to the olive harvest (Maqluba is a close second)

Panama is Sancocho de Gallina — chicken and root vegetable stew, formally declared the national dish in 2003

Papua New Guinea is Mumu — pork, root vegetables, and greens slow-cooked in an underground earth oven

Paraguay is Sopa Paraguaya — a cheesy cornbread despite the “soup” name, with a colorful presidential-kitchen origin story

Peru is Ceviche — raw fish “cooked” in citrus, with its own National Day (June 28)

Philippines is Adobo — meat marinated and simmered in vinegar, soy sauce, and garlic, an indigenous cooking method predating Spanish colonization

Poland is split between Pierogi (dumplings, most internationally famous) and Bigos (hunter’s stew, more often given the formal title)

Portugal is Bacalhau — salted cod, said to have 365 recipes, one for each day of the year

Qatar is Machboos — spiced rice and meat, shared with Kuwait and Bahrain

Romania is Sarmale — stuffed cabbage rolls, especially at Christmas and Easter

Russia is Pelmeni — meat dumplings with deep Siberian roots

Rwanda is Isombe — cassava leaves mashed with peanut sauce, typically served with ugali

Saint Kitts and Nevis is Stewed Saltfish with Spicy Plantains and Coconut Dumplings — the winning dish of a 2003 national competition

Saint Lucia is Green Fig and Saltfish — green bananas with salted cod, tied to Creole Heritage Month

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is Roasted Breadfruit and Fried Jackfish — breadfruit brought from Tahiti by Captain Bligh in 1793

Samoa is Palusami — taro leaves wrapped around coconut cream, baked or steamed

San Marino is Torta Tre Monti — a layered wafer cake named for the country’s three towers

São Tomé and Príncipe is Calulu — fish stew with okra, eggplant, and greens in palm oil

Saudi Arabia is Kabsa — spiced rice with meat, originally from Yemen, shared across the Gulf

Senegal is Thieboudienne — fish, rice, and vegetables, invented in Saint-Louis and often called the ancestor of jollof rice

Serbia is Ćevapi — grilled minced meat sausages, also shared with Bosnia and Herzegovina

Seychelles has no official national dish, but Fish Curry (kari koko) is most commonly cited

Sierra Leone is Cassava Leaf Stew (Plasas) — served over rice, with Jollof Rice as a strong festive rival

Singapore is Hainanese Chicken Rice — poached chicken and fragrant rice, adapted by Hainanese immigrants

Slovakia is Bryndzové Halušky — potato dumplings with sheep cheese and bacon, with its own festival in Turecká

Slovenia is Štruklji — rolled dumplings with sweet or savory fillings (no official designation)

Solomon Islands is Poi — fermented taro root paste, served at celebrations

Somalia is Bariis Iskukaris — spiced basmati rice with meat, using the xawaash spice blend

South Africa is most often Bobotie — spiced minced meat baked with an egg custard topping (though the communal Braai is often called the true national food tradition)

South Korea is kimchi  

South Sudan is Kisra — fermented sorghum flatbread

Spain is Paella — internationally seen as Spain’s national dish, though Spaniards tend to view it as regionally Valencian

Sri Lanka is Rice and Curry — a full meal structure with three or more curries

Sudan is Ful Medames — fava bean stew, especially for Ramadan

Suriname is Pom — baked pomtayer and citrus-marinated chicken casserole

Sweden is Köttbullar — meatballs with cream sauce and lingonberries

Switzerland is split between Rösti and Cheese Fondue, with no official designation

Syria is Kibbeh — bulgur shell filled with spiced ground meat, originating in Aleppo

Tajikistan is Qurutob — flatbread in a salty yogurt sauce (Plov/Osh, shared with Uzbekistan, is also widely claimed)

Tanzania is Ugali na Nyama Choma — maize porridge with grilled meat

Thailand is Phad Kaphrao  

Togo is Fufu — pounded yam or cassava with peanut or palm nut soup

Tonga is Lu Pulu — corned beef and coconut cream in taro leaves

Trinidad and Tobago is Callaloo — dasheen leaf stew, traditionally with crab (Pelau is a strong unofficial rival)

Tunisia is Couscous — jointly UNESCO-recognized with Algeria, Morocco, and Mauritania

Turkey is Kebab (Döner) — vertical rotisserie meat with over 110 regional variations

Turkmenistan is Plov (Palaw) — lighter and less spiced than its Uzbek cousin

Tuvalu is Pulaka — swamp taro

Uganda is Matoke — steamed and mashed green bananas

Ukraine is Borscht — beet soup, UNESCO-listed as endangered heritage

United Arab Emirates is Machboos — spiced rice with meat

United Kingdom has no official dish — Fish and Chips, the Sunday Roast, and Chicken Tikka Masala all have strong claims

United States has no official dish — the Hamburger is the practical default, Apple Pie the sentimental one

Uruguay  is Chivito

Uzbekistan is Plov 

Vanuatu is Laplap — root vegetables and coconut milk baked in banana leaves

Vatican City is Fettuccine alla Papalina — created for Pope Pius XII

Venezuela is Pabellón Criollo — shredded beef, black beans, rice, and plantains, arranged like the flag

Vietnam is Phở — a fragrant rice noodle soup with beef or chicken broth, traditionally simmered for hours and topped with fresh herbs, bean sprouts, and lime

Yemen is Saltah — a communal stew of meat, vegetables, and a fenugreek paste thickened with egg, served bubbling hot in an earthenware bowl, scooped up with flatbread

Zambia is Nshima — maize porridge, a staple eaten daily across the country, often paired with relish

Zimbabwe is Sadza — maize meal prepared as a firm, dough-like porridge, shared across southern Africa in near-identical form